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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bredtsche Formeln</span></h1>
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<p>Die <b>Bredtschen Formeln</b> sind elementarer Bestandteil der <a href="Festigkeitslehre" title="Festigkeitslehre">Festigkeitslehre</a>. Sie bilden eine Grundlage zur Berechnung von <a href="Schubspannung" class="mw-redirect" title="Schubspannung">Schubspannungen</a> und <a href="Verformung" title="Verformung">Verformungen</a> bei Bauelementen mit geschlossenen dünnwandigen Hohlquerschnitten unter reiner <a href="Torsion_(Mechanik)" title="Torsion (Mechanik)">Torsionsbeanspruchung</a>. In weiterer Folge lassen sich damit auch <a href="Torsionssteifigkeit" class="mw-redirect" title="Torsionssteifigkeit">Torsionswiderstände</a> und <a href="Schubmittelpunkt" title="Schubmittelpunkt">Schubmittelpunkte</a> berechnen.
</p><p>Die Formeln stammen ursprünglich von <a href="Rudolf_Bredt" title="Rudolf Bredt">Rudolf Bredt</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> der sie 1896 unter dem Titel <i>Kritische Bemerkungen zur Drehungselastizität</i> in der <i><a href="VDI-Z_Integrierte_Produktion" title="VDI-Z Integrierte Produktion">Zeitschrift des Vereines deutscher Ingenieure</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> veröffentlichte.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1._Bredtsche_Formel">1. Bredtsche Formel</h2></div>
<p><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle T={\frac {M_{T}}{2\cdot A_{m}}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>M</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>T</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>⋅<!-- ⋅ --></mo>
<msub>
<mi>A</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>m</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
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</mstyle>
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle T={\frac {M_{T}}{2\cdot A_{m}}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/3cf45f3111fc2d11a916a81ae8b2675a50140386.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:11.831ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle T={\frac {M_{T}}{2\cdot A_{m}}}}" loading="lazy"></span>
</p>
<table style="margin-left:20px">
<tbody><tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle T=\tau \cdot t\ }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>τ<!-- τ --></mi>
<mo>⋅<!-- ⋅ --></mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle T=\tau \cdot t\ }</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/0b572b0c16558e321734b667e74aa9f1fb4c0069.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:9.036ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle T=\tau \cdot t\ }" loading="lazy"></span></td>
<td>: <a href="Schubfluss" title="Schubfluss">Schubfluss</a> (konstant) in [N/mm], mit der Schubspannung <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \tau }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>τ<!-- τ --></mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \tau }</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/38a7dcde9730ef0853809fefc18d88771f95206c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.202ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \tau }" loading="lazy"></span> in [N/mm²] und der <a href="Wanddicke_(Hohlk%C3%B6rper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wanddicke (Hohlkörper)">Wanddicke</a> t in [mm]
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle M_{T}\ }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>M</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>T</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle M_{T}\ }</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f7eea8aea5de506c5ce9787ac2dd478ea44746e6.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.224ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle M_{T}\ }" loading="lazy"></span></td>
<td>: Torsionsmoment in [Nmm]
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A_{m}\;=\;{\frac {1}{2}}\oint {p(s)\;ds}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>A</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>m</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace>
<mo>=</mo>
<mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>∮<!-- ∮ --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>p</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A_{m}\;=\;{\frac {1}{2}}\oint {p(s)\;ds}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/8e36cfb6d47a8b8990b96238b314111ed9d07413.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:19.794ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A_{m}\;=\;{\frac {1}{2}}\oint {p(s)\;ds}}" loading="lazy"></span></td>
<td>: von der Querschnittsmittellinie umschlossene Fläche in [mm²]
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2._Bredtsche_Formel_(spezifischer_Verdrehwinkel)"><span id="2._Bredtsche_Formel_.28spezifischer_Verdrehwinkel.29"></span>2. Bredtsche Formel (spezifischer Verdrehwinkel)</h2></div>
<p><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {d\vartheta }{dx}}={\frac {\oint {\tau (s)\;ds}}{2\;G\cdot A_{m}}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>ϑ<!-- ϑ --></mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>∮<!-- ∮ --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>τ<!-- τ --></mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace>
<mi>G</mi>
<mo>⋅<!-- ⋅ --></mo>
<msub>
<mi>A</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>m</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {d\vartheta }{dx}}={\frac {\oint {\tau (s)\;ds}}{2\;G\cdot A_{m}}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/51a38a48b601ffc345397d46c8dd225e2072f7b7.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:16.219ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {d\vartheta }{dx}}={\frac {\oint {\tau (s)\;ds}}{2\;G\cdot A_{m}}}}" loading="lazy"></span>
</p>
<table style="margin-left:20px">
<tbody><tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \vartheta }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>ϑ<!-- ϑ --></mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \vartheta }</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d00eaf197c35bbfa391b9477490a4af955416837.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.374ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \vartheta }" loading="lazy"></span></td>
<td>: <a href="Verdrillung#Technische_Mechanik" class="mw-redirect" title="Verdrillung">Verdrillung</a> (Verwindung)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>x</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x}" loading="lazy"></span></td>
<td>: Laufkoordinate entlang der Stabachse in [mm]
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \tau (s)={\frac {T}{t(s)}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>τ<!-- τ --></mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mi>T</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \tau (s)={\frac {T}{t(s)}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/c4b41994b10b894252fac6e4b9f321660f59de86.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:11.776ex; height:6.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \tau (s)={\frac {T}{t(s)}}}" loading="lazy"></span></td>
<td>: Schubspannung
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>G</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f5f3c8921a3b352de45446a6789b104458c9f90b.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.827ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G}" loading="lazy"></span></td>
<td>: <a href="Schubmodul" title="Schubmodul">Schubmodul</a> in [N/mm²]
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Torsionswiderstand_(St._Venant’scher_Drillwiderstand)"><span id="Torsionswiderstand_.28St._Venant.E2.80.99scher_Drillwiderstand.29"></span>Torsionswiderstand (St. Venant’scher Drillwiderstand)</h2></div>
<p>Mit den Bredtschen Formeln lässt sich der Torsionswiderstand (d. h. das Torsions<a href="Fl%C3%A4chentr%C3%A4gheitsmoment" title="Flächenträgheitsmoment">flächenmoment 2. Grades</a>) geschlossener dünnwandiger Profile ermitteln:
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I_{T}={\frac {M_{T}\cdot l}{G\cdot \vartheta }}={\frac {4\cdot A_{m}^{2}}{\oint {\frac {ds}{t(s)}}}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>I</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>T</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>M</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>T</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>⋅<!-- ⋅ --></mo>
<mi>l</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>G</mi>
<mo>⋅<!-- ⋅ --></mo>
<mi>ϑ<!-- ϑ --></mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>4</mn>
<mo>⋅<!-- ⋅ --></mo>
<msubsup>
<mi>A</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>m</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msubsup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>∮<!-- ∮ --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I_{T}={\frac {M_{T}\cdot l}{G\cdot \vartheta }}={\frac {4\cdot A_{m}^{2}}{\oint {\frac {ds}{t(s)}}}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b2c241503592e5020841bc2774fcf67dc30d7b0e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -4.005ex; width:22.557ex; height:7.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I_{T}={\frac {M_{T}\cdot l}{G\cdot \vartheta }}={\frac {4\cdot A_{m}^{2}}{\oint {\frac {ds}{t(s)}}}}}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>mit der Länge <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle l}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>l</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle l}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/829091f745070b9eb97a80244129025440a1cfac.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.693ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle l}" loading="lazy"></span> des Bauelements in [mm].
</p><p>Oft wird diese Formel als zweite Bredtsche Formel bezeichnet.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Quellen">Quellen</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r261891140">
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</style><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070905102502/http://mechanima.upb.de/Geschichte/1842%20-%20Bredt/">Rudolf Bredt</a> (<span class="webarchiv-memento"><a href="Webarchivierung#Begrifflichkeiten" title="Webarchivierung">Memento</a></span> vom 5. September 2007 im <i><a href="Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>)</span>
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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:italic">Kritische Bemerkungen zur Drehungselastizität</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="VDI-Z_Integrierte_Produktion" title="VDI-Z Integrierte Produktion">Zeitschrift des Vereines deutscher Ingenieure</a></cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>40</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>28</span>, 11. Juli 1896, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>785–790</span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Bredtsche+Formeln&rft.atitle=Kritische+Bemerkungen+zur+Drehungselastizit%C3%A4t&rft.date=1896-07-11&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=28&rft.jtitle=Zeitschrift+des+Vereines+deutscher+Ingenieure&rft.pages=785-790&rft.volume=40" style="display:none"> </span></span>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-home.fh-konstanz.de/~steibler/VORLESUNG/BILDER/BAUTEILANALYSE/VorlesungsvorlageBauteilanalyse.pdf">HTWG Konstanz, Vorlesung Bauteilanalyse</a> (PDF-Datei; 1,3 MB)</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Karl-Eugen_Kurrer" title="Karl-Eugen Kurrer">Karl-Eugen Kurrer</a>: <i>Geschichte der Baustatik. Auf der Suche nach dem Gleichgewicht</i>, Ernst und Sohn, Berlin 2016, S. 556f und 573f, ISBN 978-3-433-03134-6.</li></ul></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
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